Vascular Malformations

Vascular malformations are congenital abnormalities of blood vessels that develop due to errors in vascular formation during embryonic life. They may involve capillaries, veins, arteries, or lymphatic vessels and are usually present at birth, although they may become noticeable later. Unlike tumors, they grow proportionally with the individual and do not regress spontaneously. Clinical presentation varies depending on the type, size, and location, ranging from mild cosmetic concerns to significant functional impairment. Diagnosis often involves imaging techniques, and management may include observation, medical therapy, or interventional procedures.